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Incentives legislation for the development of tourism in the Republic of Panama

Disclaimer - the information provided on this site, including translations or restatements of laws, may not be the latest available information regarding a subject, and should not be relied on as legal advice.  This information has been provided to help you stay informed, and is not intended to replace legal or professional advice.  While we make every effort to make sure that the information provided is accurate and useful, we recommend that you consult a lawyer or law firm if you want professional assurance that this information, and your interpretation of it, is appropriate to your particular situation.

Law 8

(June 14 1994)
"Whereby Tourism Activities are Promoted in the Republic of Panama"

bulletChapter I - "Objectives and Definition"
bulletChapter II - "Tourist Activities"
bulletChapter III - "Incentives & Benefits"
bulletChapter IV - "National Tourism Register"
bulletChapter V - "Obligations"
bulletChapter VI - "Sanctions"
bulletChapter VII - "Concessions for Tourist Development"
bulletChapter VIII - "Final Provisions"

The Legislative Assembly decrees:

Chapter I
Objectives & Definitions

Article 1. This Law is intended to establish a simple, swift and rational process for the development of tourist activities in the country; grant incentives and benefits to those persons who are dedicated to tourist activities; adopt the necessary mechanisms to obtain the joint and coordinated action of the public and private sectors in the area of tourism and to promote tourism in Panama.
Article 2. The Executive Branch, through the Panamanian Tourism Institute, shall serve as the catalyst of the private sector, to facilitate and hasten the necessary applications, before itself or other governmental or municipal bodies, in order to establish and develop the tourist activities which this law regulates.
Article 3. The tourism industry is declared to be of public use and national interest.
Article 4.

For the purposes of this Law, tourist offer shall be understood as all commercial activity which has the purpose of stimulate the remaining of a tourist in the country, as well as the growth of internal tourism.

For these purposes, the law defines the tourism enterprises as:

 

Hotel:

Establishment whose total structure is dedicated to public lodging which is constructed and equipped especially for providing to its guests, on a permanent basis, the remunerated service of lodging, and generally the services of alimentation and like services such as reception offices, salons, public phones and the offering of a daily cleaning and maintenance service of the rooms and on-suites.

Investments in golf courses, tennis courts, saunas, gymnasiums, restaurants, nightclubs and all other activities which are integrated in the hotel investment shall be benefited by the incentives of this Law.

  Motel: Tourist lodging establishment located in rural areas or close to beaches or highways and which provides remunerated lodging and nourishment for travellers.
  Apart-Hotel: Building equipped with the necessary furniture to be rented to national and foreign tourists, with daily cleaning services and with individual kitchen facilities so that lodgers can prepare their own meals.
  Cabins: Group of individual buildings, aimed at providing lodging in rural, beach, and lake areas or ecotourism sites.
  Time Shares: A form of lodging in which one or more co-owners of a property, earmarked for public tourist lodging, place the property subject to a contractual arrangement whereby rights to the use of the property, by different personas at different times of the year is acquired. 
  Tourist regime for condominiums: Buildings in which each lodging unit is acquired by a different owners, insofar as the entire building is earmarked to provide the service of public tourist lodging.
  Campsites: Areas earmarked for use for ecotourism, which are equipped with bathrooms, drinking water and first aid materials.
  Restaurant: Commercial establishment dedicated to the sale of food and beverages, whose minimum investment in infrastructure is one hundred and twenty thousand dollars (B/.120,000.00) in the metropolitan area and twenty thousand dollars (B/.20,000.00) in the rest of the country, excluding the value of the land. 
  Theme park: That park in which certain themes are developed in defined areas and with an image which is easily identifiable, from history, fantasy or the future world.
  Family Bed and Breakfast ("Hostal familiar"): Is a tourist facility operated by an individual or a family, together with their own rooms or house of the owners, characterised by being small establishments which offer personalised service, offering homemade food of the region and in which the buildings are closely linked with the popular architecture of the area. 
  Lodge ("Albergue"): Is a lodging facility located in a tourist site aimed at travellers, where the visitor is responsible for the "do it yourself" facilities of food and lodging.
  Convention Centre: Adequate and equipped facility for conferences, meetings and technological, cultural and tourist events, with facilities of office personnel and simultaneous translations to various languages, prepared for running various events at the same time. 

Chapter II
Tourist Activities

Article 5. Those natural or legal persons who are dedicated to tourist activities, as defined in this law and who are registered in the National Tourist Registry, may receive the incentives and benefits of this Law. 
Article 6. For the purposes of this Law, activities of tourist promotion and development shall be understood to be those which effectively contribute to the increase of foreign visitors to this country and the diversification of the tourist offer; as well as the investments in activities which encourage such an increase of visitors. 
  1. The constructions, fitting out, rehabilitating and operation of hotels, motels, apart-hotels, boarding houses, lodges, family bed and breakfasts, condominiums which are completely earmarked for offering public tourist lodging, whether managed or used by the co-owners or by third parties, time-shares earmarked to tourism, cabins, camping sites dedicated to the development of ecotourism and theme parks.
  2. Construction, fitting out, access infrastructure, rehabilitation and operation of convention centres, craft workshops of national tourist interest, recreational parks, zoos, centres specialising in tourism, ecotourism and marinas.
  3. The services of land, sea and air transfer of passengers, within the Republic of Panama, aimed principally at tourist service. 
  4. The construction, fitting out and operation of restaurants, discotheques and night clubs dedicated to tourist activities. 
  5. Construction, rehabilitation, restoration, remodelling, and expansion of buildings, for commercial or residential use, which are within the Historical Monuments Projects in which this type of activities are authorised.  The National Department of Historic Assets of the National Cultural Institute shall be the organisation in charge of authorising and regulating every regarding the projects which shall be undertaking, to preserve the historic value of the monuments. 
  6. The operation of agencies for tourist collection which are exclusively dedicated to this activity. 
  7. Every company which within the national territory undertakes activities of filming of full-feature films and international artistic or sporting events, which are transmitted directly to overseas, via a closed circuit television or via satellite, which project, during or at the end of the event, images which promote tourism in the Republic of Panama.  
  8. The investment in the undertaking, restoration, construction, maintenance and illumination of historic monuments, municipal parks, national parks or any other public site, under the auspices of the Panamanian Tourism Institute (IPAT) in coordination with the National Cultural Institute (INAC). 
Article 7. The right to receive the benefits established by this Law are recognised upon the registration of the company in the National Tourism Registry and the issuance of a certification by the Panamanian Tourism Institute which shall specify the rights and obligations of the beneficiary. 

Chapter III
Incentives & Benefits

Article 8. With the objective of encouraging investment in new projects and in activities designated to offer tourist facilities, the following tax incentives are granted to the natural or legal persons who take advantage of the provisions of this Law: 
  1. Public tourist lodging service:  for the construction, fitting out, rehabilitating and efficient development of public lodging establishments indicated in subsection 1 of article 6 of this Law, whose minimum investment is three hundred thousand dollars (B/.300,000.00) in the metropolitan area and, in the rest of the Republic, whose minimum investment is fifty thousand dollars (B/.50,000.00) excluding the value of the land, with the exception of the lodges and family bed and breakfasts, whose minimum investment shall be set by the Panamanian Tourism Institute.  The mentioned areas shall enjoy the following incentives: 
    a. Complete exemption for a period of twenty (20) years from import duties, levy, encumbrances or rights of any denomination or class, which may be imposed on the introduction of materials, utensils, furniture, equipment, boats and automotive vehicles with a minimum capacity for eight (8) passengers.  The latter shall be declared to be indispensable for the normal development of the tourist activity by the Panamanian Tourism Institute  The materials and equipment to be exempted must be used in the construction and fitting out of the public lodging establishment.  This incentive shall be granted if these articles are not produced in this country or are not produced in the required quantity or quality.  Likewise, all equipment which is introduced by the company to contribute to saving energy or which is necessary for the security of the project area shall be exempted.  In the case of ecotourism activities, indicated in Article 6 of this Law, automotive vehicles with four-wheel drive with a minimum capacity for five (5) passengers shall be permitted to be imported exempt from import duty.  
    b. Exemption from land tax, for a period of twenty (20) years counted as of the date of registration in the National Tourism Registry.  This exemption shall cover all the real property, belonging to the company, insofar as these are totally used for tourist activities. 
    c. Exemption of the company from all tax or encumbrance on its capital.
    d. Exemption from the payment of docking taxes or any rates for landing in docks, airports or heliports of their property, built or rehabilitated by the company.  These facilities may be used for free by the State. 
    e. Exemption from the payment of income tax on the interest earned by creditors in operations designated to investments in public lodging establishments.
    f. For the purposes of the calculation of the depreciation of real property, a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum shall be permitted, excluding the value of the land. 
  2. Investments in Historic Monument Projects: for the activities contemplated in subsection 5 of Article 6 of this Law, which shall be located in the Historic Monument Projects in which the National Cultural Institute authorises the constructions of works within its properties, whose minimum investment is one hundred thousand dollars (B/. 100,000.00), excluding the value of the land, the following incentives shall be granted:
    a. Exemption for a period of ten (10) years from the land tax over the land, and for a period of thirty (30) years, over the improvements made on the property. 
    b. Exemption from income tax on the profits of the company, during the first five (5) years of commercial activity.  At the end of this term and for the following five (5) years, it may deduct as expenses the losses suffered during the three (3) tax periods following the tax period in which such losses were produced. 
    c. Exemption, on time only, from import duty on the equipment and materials which are used in the construction, remodelling and equipping, insofar as the merchandise is not produced in the country in sufficient quantity or quality and are not destined for sale to the general public. 
Article 9. Every natural or legal person who invests in the restoration or maintenance and illumination of the Historic Monument Projects, municipal parks, national parks, o any other public site; as well as the promotion and tourism training, which in the opinion of the Ministry of Economy & Finance (previously Exchequer & Treasury) and under the coordination of the Panamanian Tourism Institute, considers that this encouraged the development of tourist activity, may consider the investment in such projects as a deductible expense.   
Article 10. The companies which are dedicated exclusively to the collection of tourist in the Republic of Panama shall be granted the following tax incentive: 
  Exemption every three (3) years form the import duty on micro-buses, limousines, omnibuses, boats and the spare parts for this equipment, insofar as they are declared by the Panamanian Tourism Institute, as indispensable for the adequate operation of the tourism service.  This equipment may be sold after the payment of the corresponding import duties. 
Article 11. The natural or legal transport providers who proffer the service of collective transport in tourism in the airports, docks and hotels, shall be exempted from the import duties on the automotive vehicles earmarked exclusively to tourist activity, insofar as these are approved by the Panamanian Tourism Institute. 
Article 12. Those companies dedicated to restaurant, discotheque and night club activities, who are declared by the Panamanian Tourism Institute to be of tourist interest and whose minimum investment is one hundred and twenty thousand dollars (B/. 120,000.00) in the metropolitan area and of twenty thousand dollars (B/.20,000.00) in the rest of the Republic, excluding the value of the land, shall be exempted for a period of three (3) years, counted as of the date of registration in the National Tourism Registry, of the import duty on the materials, equipment and utensils which are used in the construction and fitting out of the establishment, insofar as they are produced din the country, or are not produced in sufficient quantity or quality and are considered by the Panamanian Tourism Institute to be important for the development of the activity. 
Article 13. Every company that within the national territory undertakes filming activities of full-feature films, of an international nature, of international artistic or sporting or other events which are transmitted overseas, which project before, during or after the event images which promote tourism in the Republic of Panama, shall enjoy the following benefits: 
  1. Total exemption from the payment of income tax on the profits from said event, other than when the tax due in Panama is considered to be a tax credit in their respective countries. 
  2. Total exemption from any national tax which is imposed on such an event. 
  3. Temporary exemption from import duties, rates, encumbrances, excise duty or rights of any class or denomination which may be imposed on the introduction of equipment, utensils, spare parts, technical material which the communication company introduces for the transmission to other countries and all the material which is used during the event, which must be re-exported when the activity is over. 
  4. Exemption from the income tax to sportspersons and national or foreign artists who participate in the event. 
Article 14. All tourist publicity materials are exempted from import duties, insofar as they are distributed freely, following inspection by the Panamanian Tourism Institute. 
  The Panamanian Tourism Institute shall have a period of fifteen (15) working days in which to approve or take exception to the documents referred to in this Article. 
Article 15.  Income tax is exempted for income derived from:
  1. The use of ships or airplanes registered in foreign countries, if in those countries there is reciprocity with respect to taxing the income obtained in that country for ships of the Panamanian merchant marine or airplanes registered in Panama; 
  2. The use of ships or airplanes of any nationality, by foreigners whether resident or not in the national territory, as long as the country of which the person is a national or under which Laws the corporate entities exists, grants an equivalent exemption to corporate entities established according to the Laws of the Republic of Panama, or to those persons who have established their domicile in the Republic of Panama, under the Principle of Reciprocity.  
Article 16. For the construction, equipping, access infrastructure, rehabilitation and operation of convention centres, recreational parks, zoos, centres specialising in tourism, ecotourism and marinas, the following tax incentives shall be granted: 
  1. Exemption for three (3) years from the import duty on the materials and equipment used in the constructions and fitting out, as long as the merchandise is not for sale, and are not produced in the country and are considered by the Panamanian Tourism Institute as important for the development of the activity. 
  2. Depreciation of the real property for a period of ten (10) years.
  3. Exemption from real property tax on the improvements for a period of twenty (20) years. 
Article 17. The Cabinet Council, upon request by the Panamanian Tourism Institute, may pronounce those areas which meet the special conditions for tourism attraction as tourism development zones of national interest, even if they lack the basic infrastructure for the development of this activity.  Those persons that invest in the tourism development zones and who make the minimum investment indicated for the zone, shall enjoy the following tax incentives: 
  1. Total exemption for a period of twenty (20) years from the payment of land tax over the property and the improvements, for those properties which they own and are used in the tourism development activities. 
  2. Total exemption for a period of fifteen (15) years from the payment of income tax on income derived from the company's activity. 
  3. Total exemption for a period of twenty (20) years from import duty, rates or levies, as well as sales tax (ITBMS) which are due on the import of materials, equipment, furniture, accessories, and spare parts which are used in the construction, rehabilitation and fitting out of the establishment, insofar as the merchandise is not produced in Panama or is not produced in sufficient quality and quantity.  Equipment for the purposes of this Law shall be understood to be vehicles with a minimum capacity of eight (8) passengers, airplanes, helicopters, motor boats, boats or sports utilities, dedicated exclusively to tourist activities. 
  4. Exemption for twenty (20) years from the taxes, rates, levies or rights of any class or denomination which are imposed on the use of docks or airports built by the company.  These facilities may be used for free by the State and in accordance with the corresponding regulations. 
  5. Exemption for twenty (20) years from the payment of income tax over the income generated by interest which creditors earn in operations destined to investment in the tourist activity to which they are dedicated. 
Article 18. If the tourism company for public lodging or restaurants does not apply for the tax exemptions listed in the previous Articles, any company whose sole activity is tourism, as established in this Law, and which develops outside of the metropolitan area, shall have the option of receiving a Tourism Employment Certificate (Certificado de Empleo al Turismo - CET) in the company's favour, equivalent to 21.5% of the gross monthly salary general as of the promulgation of this Law, as long as said gross monthly salary does not exceed $400.00 
  Restaurants shall have this option for three (3) years.  
Article 19. The CET (Tourism Employment Certificates) referred to in this Law, shall be issued by the Ministry of Treasury, in local currency and shall be applicable to the payment of income, dividend, complimentary, land, import and land transfer taxes.  

These shall be registered documents, transferable upon endorsement, which shall be exempt of all types of taxes and not generate any interest.  

Article 20. The companies which have the right to be issued the CET (Tourism Employment Certificates) must fulfill all the requirements indicated in this Law and may use them within six (6) months of their issuance, but they may not be used in the same year as their issuance. The CET shall be valid for three (3) years as of their issuance.   
Article 21. For the effects of the CET, under this Law, employment generated shall not include the case of foreign employees or where the labour relationship is less than twelve (12) months. 

Procedural controls shall be used to verify payrolls.  

Article 22. Those natural or legal persons who undertake tourist activities may use their vehicles to transport their own materials, furniture and equipment.  Likewise, they may offer tourists transport services, to their location, to and from the airports and ports.   
Article 23. In order to augment investment and financing for the development of the tourism industry and the construction of hotels outside of the metropolitan area, tourism companies for public lodging may issue registered tourism investment instruments until January 1, 2000.  Investors, who are not directly or indirectly linked to public lodging tourism companies, and which are not the result of the fractioning of a company in various legal persons, nor affiliates or subsidiaries of the tourism companies, shall be granted the following incentives, in these instruments:
For effects of income tax, fifty percent (50%) of the investment made by natural or legal persons made in the purchase of bonds, shares and other registered instruments issued by a tourism company shall be considered a deductible expense.  The Ministry of Exchequer and Treasury (now the Ministry of Economy and Finance) shall regulate the application of this Article. 

The bonds, shares and other financial instruments shall be registered in the National Security Commission and should be issued by the companies which are registered in the National Tourism Registry for the first three (3) years of their registration.

The company that issues such bonds, shares and other registered instruments shall not, in any way, redeem such investment for a minimum period of ten (10) years.  the bonds or financial instruments which the tourism company issues shall be for a minimum period of ten (10) years, and shall not be subject to prepayment.  Such companies shall not acquire their own shares or participation quotas o convertible bonds, nor may they issue loans to the holders of said bonds, shares or registered instruments not may they use any other means to purchase or pay for those financial instruments for a minimum period of ten (10) year.

Article 24. Tourism yachts which visit Panamanian ports and whose stay does not exceed ninety (90) days, shall be exonerated from the payment of any types of rates, taxes and duties, of arrival and anchorage, including those indicated by custom. 

Customs authorities shall merely comply with their routine duties of registration.  It shall not be necessary to process the agency's documentation. The Executive Branch shall regulate this provision.  

Chapter IV
National Tourism Registry

Article 25. The National Tourism Registry is hereby created, assigned to the Panamanian Tourism Institute, in which all natural or legal persons who wish to be subject to the incentives regime referred to in this Law shall be registered. 
Article 26. In order to request registration in the National Tourism Registry, the applicants shall fill in a registration form which shall be presented to the Panamanian Tourism Institute, at a cost of Ten Balboas (B/. 10.00), which shall contain the following information: 
1.  Name and surname, nationality and personal identity card or passport number of the applicant.  If a legal person, the name, the country of incorporation and the registration details from the Public Registry as well as the name and details of the legal representative.
2. Domicile of the applicant.
  3. Detailed and precise description of the tourism activity developed or to be developed by the company.  In the case of a tourism project which shall have an initial investment of more than three hundred thousand balboas (B/. 300,000.00) this should be accompanied by a feasibility study, blueprints and the technical studies which the project requires and deserves.
  4. Value of the investment undertaken or proposed to be undertaken by the applicant.
  5. Number of employment vacancies to be created by the project.
  6. Any additional information which, due to the nature of the proposed tourism activity, may be required by the Panamanian Tourism Institute; as long as it is necessary to evaluate the merits of the application. 
Article 27. The registration form shall be accompanied by a copy of the personal identity card or passport of the applicant, if a natural person; or, copy of the personal identity card or passport of the legal representative of a legal person, as well as a Certificate of Good Standing from the public registry which shall include that the company is duly registered and in good standing, the names of the directors, officers and legal representative, the authorised capital and the duration of the company. 
Article 28. The Board of Directors of the Panamanian Tourism Institute shall be the only entity in charge of approving the registration of a company in the National Tourism Registry and issuing a certificate of the same, indicating the date from which the company is registered in the National Tourism Registry and that it therefore enjoys the benefits established in this Law.  The General Manager of the Panamanian Tourism Institute hall sign such certifications. 
Article 29. Upon receipt of the registration form with all the required information and documentation, the Panamanian Tourism Institute shall proceed, in a period which shall not exceed sixty (60) calendar days, to consider the technical, economic, legal and tourism aspects of the project presented; and, if appropriate, register the company in the National Tourism Registry and issue a certification which states the date of registration of the company in the National Tourism Registry and, therefore, that it enjoys the benefits established in this Law. 

For projects relating to the National or Historic Monuments, Historical Monuments Groups, and protected wild-lands areas relating to the National Cultural Institute or the National Environmental Authority (previously the National Renewable Natural Resources Institute), a resolution from the respective entity shall be required, which shall remit its decision to the Panamanian Tourism Institute, in a period of thirty (30) calendar days as of the date of receipt of the project documents. 

Chapter  V
Obligations

Article 30. Every person that accepts the benefits of this Law shall:
  1. Invest in the proposed tourist activities the amount indicated in the respective application and maintain said investment for the corresponding term, according to this Law.
  2. Begin the construction, remodelling, rehabilitation o restoration of the real estate destined to the proposed tourism activities within no more than six (6) months, as of the date of registration in the National Tourism Registry, except in those cases where the nature of the tourism activity requires a longer period, according to the Panamanian Tourism Institute.
  3. Begin to provide the tourism services within a period of no more than three (3) years, a of the date of registration, except in those cases in which the nature of the tourism activity requires a longer period, according to the Panamanian Tourism Institute.
  4. Undertake the tourism activities in accordance with the regulations issued by the Panamanian Tourism Institute.
  5. Keep an exact log in a register of the exempt Articles, which shall be available to the officials of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Ministry of Commerce and Industry and the Panamanian Tourism Institute.
  6. Present a bond to the Panamanian Tourism Institute and the Comptroller General of the Republic, equivalent to one percent (1%) of the amount of the investment.  This bond shall never be for more than Three Hundred Thousand Balboas (B/. 300,000.00)
  7. Hire Panamanian employees in the proportion established by the Labour Code, except for experts or technical specialists as required, having the prior authorisation of the appropriate national authorities. 
  8. Technically train Panamanian nationals and provide scholarships so that they may receive training courses overseas if it is not possible to get this in national industrial or training institutions.
  9. Waive any diplomatic recourse in the event of differences and conflicts with the nation and submit any differences to the national courts of the country. 

Chapter VI
Sanctions

Article 31. Breach of the obligations indicated in Article 30 of this Law shall result in the cancellation of the registration and the loss of the respective bond, unless it is shown that the breach was due to force majeur or Act of God.
  The cancellation of the registration in the National Tourism Registry shall be ordered by means of a resolution issued by the Board of Directors of the Panamanian Tourism Institute, which shall be notified to the interested party.  Nevertheless, those persons that consider they are affected may intercede with a request for reconsideration before the same authority.  This recourse must be submitted within five (5) days of the service of notice of the resolution of the cancellation of the registration.
Article 32. The articles which are imported under this Law may not be sold or transferred without first paying the corresponding taxes and assessments, calculated on the basis of the value of the articles at the moment of the sale or transfer.
  The sale or transfer of the imported articles, between companies covered by the provisions of this Law, shall only require the approval of the Ministry of Economy and Finance (previously Exchequer and Treasury).
  Except as provided herein, any person that imports articles exempted under this law and sells, leases, transfers, disposes or in any other way gives them a different use from that for which the exemption was given, shall be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to three times the value of the import duty which would have been payable on the articles should this have been paid at the moment of the sale, lease, transfer or disposition. 
Article 33. Whoever breaches the provisions indicated in this Law shall be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the benefit they intended to obtain and the cancellation of any other benefit to which they may have had a right shall be ordered, notwithstanding other legal sanctions. 

Chapter VII
Concessions to Develop Tourism

Articles 34 - 39 were repealed by Law 2 (2006)

Article 34. REPEALED.

The Executive Branch is authorised, through the Ministry of Economy and Finance (formerly Exchequer and Treasury), upon recommendation of the Board of Directors of the Panamanian Tourism Institute and subject to the ratification of the Exchequer, Planning and Economic Policy Commission of the Legislative Assembly, to grant for up to twenty (20) years the concession of islands, without affecting pre-existing rights which belong to the State and lands which require land fills which are destined to tourism development, according to the Master Plans of the Panamanian Tourism Institute; and areas for the construction of marinas and docks which the States decides to dedicate to public tourism activity. 

Article 35. REPEALED.

Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous Article, the concession contracts may be celebrated for up to forty (40) years, when in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Panamanian Tourism Institute, provided by reasoned resolution, duly ratified by the Exchequer, Planning and Economic Policy Commission of the Legislative Assembly, the projects are of such magnitude of investment, economic impact and potential for the generation of employment that they require a contractual relationship for a longer duration, except the concession of reverted lands subject to the Interoceanic Regional Authority, in which case this authority shall be in charge of granting the respective concessions.

Article 36. REPEALED.

Failure to fulfil the tern indicated for the development of the tourist activity which is granted to the concessionary company shall result in the loss of the concession, in which it is understood that all improvements built on the land shall pass to the State without indemnification at all, without prejudice to any other corresponding legal sanctions.

Article 37. REPEALED.

In order to grant a concession, the following requirements shall be met: 

  1. A budget assigned to the project, its technical specifications and the corresponding work program;
  2. The payment of indemnification where necessary;
  3. The type of services to be offered and the benefits for the customers;
  4. The financial capacity of the offeror and the source of their funds;
  5. The experience of the offeror in similar projects;
  6. The responsible entity for granting the concession shall permanently undertake inspections in all stages of the concession of the project, to ensure that the terms of the agreement are met. 
Article 38. REPEALED.

The concessionary and where applicable, their subcontractors shall meet the work program agreed to until the project is finished.  If the program is not met or the project is not completed according to the technical specifications agreed, the contract shall be declared terminated and the loss of the bond issued and the rights of concession shall ensue.

Article 39. REPEALED.

The concessions which are granted in accordance with this law, including the conditions to which they are subject, shall be published for fifteen (15) consecutive days in national newspapers, before declaring that said concessions are finalised. 

Chapter VIII
Final Provisions

Article 40. The State shall take into account the Indigenous Reservations as Tourism Development Zones and shall promote the folklore of the indigenous and rural culture and tradition as a centre of tourist attraction.
Article 41. (Transitory).  The requests for contracts with the nation which are in process at the promulgation of this Law may continue the procedure established in Cabinet Decree No. 102 of the 20th of June, 1972, in order to request the benefits indicated in that Decree, which shall remain in effect for these cases.
Article 42. (Transitory).  The contracts for the operation of tourist activities, existing at the promulgation of this Law, shall be valid until the expiration of their respective terms. 
  Nevertheless, if the company wishes to make additional investments, it may be granted the incentives covered by this Law, if it fulfils the requirements listed herein.
Article 43. This law repeals Decree Law No. 26 of the 27th of September 1967 modified by the Law No. 81 of the 22nd of December 1976, the Cabinet Decree No. 77 of the 18th of March, 1971, Cabinet Decree No. 102 of the 20th of June 1972 and all the legal provisions and regulations which are contrary hereto.
Article 44. This law shall come into effect as of its promulgation.

To be Notified and Published

Given in Panama City, on the 10th of May 1994.

President: Arturo Vallarino

The Secretary General: Rubén Arosemena Valdés

National Executive Branch:  President of the Republic

Panama, Republic of Panama

14 of June 1994

Guillermo Ford Boyd, in charge of the Presidency of the Republic

Ricardo A. Fábrega, Minister of Commerce and Industry

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